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The Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon (CTGR) consists of twenty-seven Native American tribes with long historical ties to present-day Western Oregon between the western boundary of the Oregon Coast and the eastern boundary of the Cascade Range, and the northern boundary of southwestern Washington and the southern boundary of Northern California. The community has an 11,040-acre (45 km²) Indian reservation, the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation, located in Yamhill and Polk counties. Because the peoples had lived near each other and often spoke more than one language for use in trading, after they were grouped together in the 19th century on the reservation, they refined a creole language that became known as Chinook Jargon. Although long forced to speak English, the peoples are working to revive this as a native language named Chinuk Wawa and have produced native speakers through immersion programs for young children. ==Members of the confederation== The tribes who were removed to Grand Ronde are: * Chasta (or Shasta; from present-day Oregon and California bands of the Shasta Nations) * Chasta Costa (Southern Oregon Athapaskan speakers) * Kalapuya (Yamel (Yamhill), Mary's River, Winfelly (Mohawk), Atfalati (Tualatin), Yoncalla (Kommema), Ahanyichuk, Santiam) * Molalla (Santiam Band, and Molala) * Rogue River〔Rogue Rivers—-several tribes grouped together based on the Rogue River Wars of ~1855-1857. These tribes are in the Illinois and Rogue River areas of southwest Oregon and northern California. They were split between the Grand Ronde Reservation (Yamhill River Reserve) and the Confederated Tribes of Siletz after the Rogue River Treaty of September 10, 1853.〕 (Historically an erroneous name conglomerating Takelma, Upper Umpqua and Athapaskan tribes) * Klickitat * Chinook (Thomas Band Chinook, Williams Band Chinook, Wal-la-lah band of Tumwaters, Johns Band Chinook, Clackamas Chinook (Oregon City)) * Tillamook (Salmon River, Nehalem, Nestucka) * French-Canadian (Iroquoian) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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